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Role of Nursing Professionals - 1447 Words

Nursing as a profession is the delivering of primary health care to individuals, families, and communities with compassion and respect for the patients. As one of the most important elements of the health care professions, it is critical to understand the various facets of the role of nursing professionals. While nursing students and currently-working nursing professionals might have differing opinions on the roles nursing professionals play within the health care profession and the society as a whole, there are a few elements that are easily identified by all professionals as integral to this position like good record keeping that help to identify risk and early detection of complications. The roles of nursing professionals are as†¦show more content†¦Part of the profession for generations, working as an advocate entails speaking out on behalf of patients, conveying their concerns to other medical professionals, and working to ensure the best decisions are made overall for the patient. Working as an advocate for patients can involve a variety of different actions, including educating the patient on important health care issues, speaking with others within the health care profession on behalf of the patient, and using their own discretion to question whether or not the patient is given the best possible treatment options at any one given time. In order to fully implement this role, the nursing professional is required to maintain awareness of the entire patient experience as well as common approaches to addressing health care problems as they emerge (Hanks, 2010). Too often, patients are afraid to question the orders given by their doctors; some patients are more comfortable expressing concerns to nursing professionals, who then have a moral duty to advocate for patient concerns when appropriate. For some nursing professionals, this can be difficult, as it often involves standing up against individuals that might not be receptive to change. However, the bond between patient and nursing professional is often stronger than the bond that a patient has with his or her physician, particularly within the hospital setting. To this end, nursing professionals find it within their purview to maintain awareness ofShow MoreRelatedRole Transition and Professional Nursing1569 Words   |  7 PagesRole Transition and Professional Nursing XXXX XXX University NUR/300 MSN RN February 09, 2010 Role Transition and Professional Nursing As the student nurse transitions from the role of a nursing student to the professional level of nursing, the licensed registered nurse shall perform only those nursing activities for which the RN has been prepared through basic education and those additional skills, which are obtained through subsequent nursing educationRead MoreRoles and Professional Values Nursing2598 Words   |  11 PagesRUP1: Professional Roles and Values in Nursing Allegra Connors Western Governors University Functional Differences There are many differences in functions of a regulatory board of nursing such as the Illinois Board of Nursing (IBN) and a professional nursing association such as the Hospice and Palliative Nurse Association (HPNA). The Illinois Board of Nursing functions as the licensing body for professional nursing, regulatory enforcer and where complaints about nurses or nursing practiceRead MoreImportance Of Professional Nursing Roles And Scope Of Nursing Practice1850 Words   |  8 Pages Jaimie Good The Importance of Professional Nursing Roles and Scope of Nursing Practice Missouri State University â€Æ' Abstract This paper discusses historical events that influenced the nursing profession, how the ANA’s Scope of Nursing Practice publication contributes to the nursing profession, the impact of the AACN’s BSN essentials on nursing education, the role of the ANA’s Code of Ethics in Nursing, and how nurses are regulated by the Missouri Nurse Practice Act. This paper also looks atRead MoreHow Social Media Has Changed My Role As A Nursing Student And Future Health Care Professionals956 Words   |  4 PagesIn this assessment I will explore and examine; what it means to be a health professional in a global environment. Furthermore, I will demonstrate a range of literacies that inform health care and practice. I will also briefly describe how I currently use and engage with social media and technology as well as how my use of social media will change my role as a nursing student and future health care professional. I will be discussing guidelines and code of conducts created by various corporations.Read MoreCritically Evaluate the Different Roles of the Veterinary Nurse, Explore Legal and Professional Framework That Governs Veterinary Nursing and Discuss Limitations of the Role of the Veterinary Nurse.2482 Words   |  10 Pagesveterinary nursing is a relatively new contender in the animal care industry. In 1963, Pamela Pitcher was the first Registered Animal Nursing Auxiliary (RANA) to qualify, however back then there was no legal framework to abide by, no textbooks or a syllabus to refer to and no support or guidelines to follow. Since the sixties, there have been many schemes aiming to improve the veterinary nursing profession; such as putting together an academic syllabus, having a guide to professional conduct andRead MoreProfessional Performance Standards Of Professional Nursing Practice895 Words   |  4 PagesThe Standards of Professional Nursing Practice Professional Performance Standard Leadership in Nursing Practice The American Nurses Association (ANA) established The Standards of Professional Nursing Practice (2010). The Standards of Professional Nursing Practice consist of Standards of Practice and Standards of Professional Performance. The standards serve as guidelines to define the profession of nursing and define the scope of practice for professional nurses. All standards presented in TheRead MoreIn Part One Of This Assignment I Discussed My Experiences1326 Words   |  6 PagesThe focus is on the responsibilities of a RN and stages of change in becoming a student once again. As I discussed in my video, there are challenges that I will face in the upcoming year that may make the journey difficult. I mentioned my current nursing experiences but as a RN, those experiences will vary because of the difference in training and accountability. I will outline the differences by elaborating on the scopes of practice between a LPN and a Registered Nurse. There is a distinct differenceRead MoreThe Challenging Task of Leadership in the Nursing Profession1442 Words   |  6 PagesNursing Leadership: Leadership is generally a challenging task across various work settings including the nursing profession. Actually, being a nurse leader is challenging when examining issues and situations that are unique to the healthcare sector. The complexity of leadership in nursing is attributed to the fact that nurse leaders are not only responsible for issues that are specific to their respective department but also mandated with the task of coordinating interactions between departmentsRead MoreProfessional Identity As A Nurse Identity1533 Words   |  7 Pages Title: Using examples relevant to your discipline, define professional identity as it relates to health and human service delivery and discuss how industry, professional and quality agencies guide the provision of the safe and effective patient or client care in your discipline. Professional identity has become a necessary concept to employees who are working in a health and human-serviced environment because it comprehends the image and perceptions of individuals that has based on the way she/Read MoreProfessional Socialization : Professional Motivation1172 Words   |  5 PagesProfessional Socialization is defined as a process where individuals form the characteristics, attitudes and values of a particular profession (Lai PK, Pek HL). In the nursing field, professional socialization is a necessary step involving the LPN/LVN into their new RN role by assisting them with the internalization and development of their new professional identity. (Ellis Hartley. 2011) However, transitioning into this new role can be a complex and challenging multi-faced process (Boychuk Duchscher

Early Childhood Education Kindergarten Reflection Essay

Kindergarten Reflection Entering my kindergarten teaching experience in the last quarter of school year I had to quickly become familiar with kindergarten content standards and the school’s curriculum. To do this I observed my mentor teachers instructional time with the children and gained as much information as I could about the children’s educational standing by developing a professional relationship with the my mentor teacher and the children. I learned that the majority of my kindergarten children had not previously attended preschool and that this was their first year of school. I found that interacting with the children in social activities provided me with great insight to their literacy, math, science, and social studies†¦show more content†¦In observing my mentor teachers classroom management strategies I quickly learned that communicating teacher expectations for the children’s behavior and guideline or rules for active participation in lesson planned activities was i mportant to cover. In my lead teaching I did much of the same except I struggled to follow through with the consequences established for breaking rules. I learned that I must follow through with consequences I set for children, no exceptions or else I will lose the children’s trust and respect for what I say. My goal in managing the class was to keep the children focused on their learning tasks and preventing problems before they transpire. Effective approaches as to how the children can solve their own problems in the future were also emphasized in my classroom management. It is essential for â€Å"teachers to set clear limits regarding unacceptable behaviors and enforce these limits with explanations in a climate of mutual respect and caring. Teachers attend to the children consistently, not principally when they are engaging in problematic behaviors. Class meetings and group discussions are often used to talk about and set rules together.† (Bredekamp and Copple, p. 228) In all, I felt I was always aware of the children needs and concerns and made myself available by keeping my back toward the wall, scanning the class when working oneShow MoreRelatedThe Early Childhood Education Essay1728 Words   |  7 PagesKindergartens with the early childhood education society Aotearoa is a country that is bi-cultural yet multi-cultural. In the early childhood education sector there is a growing focus on diversity and achieving equality. This essay will have an emphasis on the diversity of ability, linking to the sociological concepts of ideology, mainstream and identity within a kindergarten setting. A discussion on inclusive practice will be apparent along with the roles and responsibilities of the educators withinRead MoreEarly Childhood Education Essays1052 Words   |  5 Pages EDUCATIONAL THRORISTS Early Childhood Curriculum â€Æ' Contents Introduction 2 Principles and Philosophy 2 Common and Differences 2 Contributions 3 Personal Reflections 4 Bibliography 5 Introduction In this assessment I will be talking about the principles and philosophy of Frobel and Montessori, what they have in common and differences, there contributions to Siolta and my own thoughts in relation to early childhood education and their impact on the learning environment Principles and PhilosophyRead MoreFWA Froebel Essay1506 Words   |  7 Pagesmaking his childhood rather traumatic and depressing. These distressing childhood experiences shaped him into the teacher he would one day become. His upbringing was facilitated by his older brothers and the servants that ran his father’s household but lacked a feminine presence that Froebel desperately desired. This unfulfilled need of a mothers influence and love would create the foundation on which Froebel would build his idea and create a special early childhood environment, Kindergarten. FromRead MoreThe North Carolina Pre K Program Requirements1471 Words   |  6 PagesThe North Carolina Pre-Kindergarten Program, formerly known as More at Four, is geared towards bettering the lives for At-Risk 4-year-old children. Exposing children to an early learning experience that will promote a positive learning environment to ensure Kindergarten readiness is what drives the program. Upon arrival, each child is screened using the Brigance 4-year-old tool to assess and determine the child’s developmental skills and abilities. According to the text, â€Å"Classroom tests and assessmentsRead MoreEmployment Opportunities Within The Field Of Family And Consumer Sciences Essay944 Words   |  4 PagesApparel Textile Design/Merchandising, Dietetics, Education, Food Nutrition Sciences, Human Development Family Science, Hospitality, Interior Design, Nutrition Fitness, Communications, and Consumer Economics Financial Planning (AAFCS Career Source, 2016).I am intere sted in pursuing a career in the education field. I am looking specifically into becoming a preschool teacher. According to the Department of Labor, preschool and kindergarten teachers are among the top twenty-five occupationsRead MoreUnderstanding The Professional Roles Of Supporting Consultee And Consultant Field Of Early Childhood Education Essay1200 Words   |  5 Pages Why Program Selected The program I have selected for this assignment on consultations in Early Childhood settings is Sunshine Academy Early Education Center located in Brookline, Massachusetts. Sunshine Academy philosophy focuses on each child’s unique abilities and potential. Engaging qualified staff with a caring, nurturing, loving and supportive attitude, and to create opportunities for families, and staff to be involved in all aspects of your child’s care. Diversity of families of everyRead MoreEssay on Addressing a Lack of Parent Involvement1398 Words   |  6 PagesParent involvement in children’s education plays a critical role in student achievement and outcomes later in life (Epstein, 1995). Much research has been conducted about the benefits of parent involvement in elementary school and middle school. Less research has been conducted pertaining to early childhood education, namely children from birth through age eight. The limited research that has been conducted de monstrates that parent involvement at the preschool and primary grade levels is associatedRead MoreEarly Childhood Education: Vision, Mission, and Philosophy Statement1258 Words   |  6 PagesEarly childhood is a time of curiosity, a time for play, and a time of rapid development. Every child is unique and deserving of an early childhood education that facilitates academic, social, and developmental growth through a variety of enjoyable experiences. Differentiated instruction adapts content, products and processes to meet the diverse learning needs and preferences of students (Thousand, Villa, Nevin, 2007). Friedrich Froebel, the creator of Kindergarten, believed that children growRead MoreDifferent Types Of Assessments Educators1027 Words   |  5 Pagesare too young to even take a summative assessment. Formative/Summative Assessments Mrs. Muscato uses the Brigance assessment. This assessment used specifically with children from birth to the first grade and required by her school district. Early childhood students’ assessments need to be simplified due to their age. When the class is working at the calendar the educator can ask questions about the day, date, or pattern. The educator needs to remember to give feedback immediately. A summative assessmentRead MoreComparative Analysis of the Purpose of8067 Words   |  33 PagesA Comparative Analysis of the Purpose of Kindergarten in Finland and Ontario, Canada The theories of Friedrich Froebel, the founder of kindergarten have influenced kindergartens in several regions including in Finland and Ontario, Canada. The kindergarten program in Finland is one of envy as it contributes the nation’s successful educational system. Kindergarten in Finland is a free service available to all children, which is similar to Ontario, Canada’s program which is also free to children

How The Self Is Affected Through The Pop Culture...

As our exposure to pop culture and various forms of social interaction help construct the self, we find that the numerous cultural narratives stored â€Å"within the book and volume of [our] brain† in turn become our ideological purview with which we see and understand the world. I am going further analyze equality in the U.S. and how the media portrays this agenda. I will be investigating how the self is affected through the pop-culture representation of equality; by analyzing media’s stance on issues with racial tensions, displays of biased, and play on politics and the issues that this nation faces. I will study how race, gender, and class play roles in how equality may be an issue. As well as further investigating the issues that mass media masks. This essay will inquire with the portrayals of equality through mass media how the self would perceive where this country’s stands. Among race the self is affected heavily, the color of one’s skin has a large impact on how the self can develop; this variation contributes to the way one will be treated among those in a varying races. Mass media’s portrayal as to how people are treated based on their skin color shapes the self. The article â€Å"Race Equality is Still a Work in Progress,† outlines that there are still many inequalities, but among general company races are treated fairly equal; the exception would be found among the criminal justice system. â€Å"Fully 80 percent of all Americans say more needs to be done,† but how does thisShow MoreRelatedRepresentation Of Women s Representation Essay1351 Words   |  6 PagesThe documentary Miss Representation addressed and discussed many prevalent matters with regard to women’s representation in the media. The document argues that the media portrays women as either hyper sexualized, too conservative, too submissive, or too dominant and so on. The main idea is that TV, advertisements, magazines, and music too often portray women in a negative, male biased light. This documentary detailed many examples of these phenomena occurring in our society. A great example of theRead MoreWomen s Representation Of Women Essay1348 Words   |  6 Pageshe documentary Miss Representation addressed and discussed many prevalent matters with regard to women’s representation in the media. The document argues that the media portrays women as either hyper sexualized, too conservative, too submissive, or too dominant and so on. The main idea is that TV, advertisements, magazines, and music too often portray women in a negative, male biased light. This documentary detailed many examples of these phenomena occurring in our society. A great example of theRead MorePop Culture And Its Effect On Society1877 Words   |  8 Pages Popular culture has manifested itself in a number of ways. Currently, the most commonly used method of spreading and exchanging opinions, ideas, art, and other concepts is through the internet. Never before has it been so easy to shed light on a person or an idea, giving it levels of popularity that were considered inconceivable in ages past. In many circumstances the way people are portrayed through pop-culture is most likely how they were perceived by the bulk of people. Pop/culture serves asRead More Gender Stereotyping Of Children Essay2820 Words   |  12 Pages different stereotypes have become the norm based on roles that each gender filled. Genderspectrum.org, an organization set to breakdown gender stereotypes and educate about gender diversity gives this definition for the gender binary, â€Å"Western culture has come to view gender as a binary concept, with two rigidly fixed options: male or female. When a child is born, a quick glance between the legs determines the g ender label that the child will carry for life. But even if gender is to be restrictedRead MoreEquality Among People Still has a Long Way to Go in Society2625 Words   |  11 Pagesreduced and minimized to make way for white heroes. If one believes this is a world of equality, its true definition must have been viciously warped. While times have improved for women, queers, and people of color, one cannot exactly say it is an ideal culture yet. This is where feminism comes into play, but feminism of a specific kind. Intersectional feminism is the herald of change and true equality among people. But what is intersectional feminism? The term intersectional was coinedRead MoreThe Unspoken Lullaby: Women, Music, and Oppression Essay2109 Words   |  9 Pagesvery moment. That music has the power to express and convey our thoughts and our emotions is without question, however, the idea that music has the power to reflect an entire society and can recreate an identity is not as well accepted. For every culture and their people, music has played a vital role in the development of power movements and the fight for a sense of identity. The criticism that music has faced is partly a result of the social condemnation of the movements that have been associatedRead MorePolitics And History Through An Alternative Path For Self Rule3238 Words   |  13 PagesPolitics and history through an alternative path to self-rule Lagaan (2001), through the setting of Hindi cinema and the popular appeal of cricket, charts an alternative history of India, from the colonised past of 1893 to an ideal post-colonial future. Using elements of pop culture, the director Ashutosh Gowarikar transforms the singularity of Champaneer’s struggle against triple-lagaan, into a microcosm of an Indian nation’s ideal path toward self-rule. Notably, this self-rule is ideologicallyRead MoreLesson 1 DOC Study Guide Essay4359 Words   |  18 Pagesimportant identities such as religion, ethnicity, gender, and social status. While not specifically focused on issues of identity in America, this chapter will provide an important foundation in understanding the broader scope of how dance can be seen as a representation of cultural values, which will underlie the remainder of our coursework. 1.1.1 Before starting this chapter it might be useful for you to write out your definition of dance. Let’s pretend for a moment that aliens landed on earthRead MoreImpact of Socio-Economic and Cultural Changes on the Personality Development of Adolescents8858 Words   |  36 Pagestechnological breakthrough have displayed severe and far reaching potentials in creating significant dent in the age old traditional values and ethics of the social system. The recent perception of personal and private world, gender roles and gender equality, value disorientation, globalization etcetera seems to have created a new wave of individualism which is deplored by some and favoured by others. These developments unfolded newer challenges and created demands for higher levels of education andRead MoreGlobal Cultural Analysis: Japan8767 Words   |  36 Pagesconducting a Global Cultural Analysis. Throughout this paper the following four research areas were explored: 1.What is the major ele ments and dimensions of culture in Japan? 2. How are these elements and dimensions integrated by locals conducting business in Japan? 3. How does U.S. culture and business compare with the elements and dimensions of culture integrated by the locals conducting business in Japan? 4. What are the implications for U.S. businesses that wish to conduct business with Japan?

China And The World Trade Order Essay free essay sample

, Research Paper For more than 13 old ages dialogues have been traveling on to let entry for China into the World Trade Organization ( WTO ) . On November 30, 1999, in Seattle, Washington, President Bill Clinton and President Jiang Zemin of China will run into to put the docket for trade negotiations, which will take old ages to come before there is an understanding. This will merely be done if China doesn t feel threatened by a group of 134 states that sets the footings of World Trade ( Sanger ) . We will write a custom essay sample on China And The World Trade Order Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some of the inside informations that must be discussed, which China can offer to states, particularly the United States are their telecommunications, fiscal services, fabrics, and countenances for the dumping of exports among others ( Sanger ) . With all of those goods that China offers, Clinton seemed to halt dialogues with them in April when things were looking the best. Harmonizing to some of his AIDSs, they say, that Clinton greatly regrets walking off, and wants he could take station offers and run ( Sanger ) . China non merely has to cover with understandings from the United States, but would besides hold to do trades with Canada, Europeans, and Latin American states. Once these understandings are made and China is portion of the World Trade Organization, they will be required to stay by the WTO s policies and unfastened markets. This will do China to hold to let more foreign industries, farm goods, and suppliers of services to come in their state ( Reuters ) . China has to make up ones mind if they want to fall in or non. If they choose to fall in they will hold no voice in determination devising and no decision-making powers until China becomes a full mature member of the World Trade Organization harmonizing to U.S. Trade Representative Charlene Barshetsky ( Reuters ) . Many phone calls have been e xchanged between the Presidents, and besides representatives have made visits. These battles are seen as intense set of interactions. These battles are existences seen as a 50-50 opportunity that there will be a trade sealed by China and the WTO. Clinton sees this opportunity as his last shooting of stabilising the dealingss between China and the United States ( Eckholm ) . China s credence into the WTO has some good factors. Entry would let China to be guaranteed economic protection offered to most trade states. China besides has an economic lag that is eventually ready to offer gaps of its market. With 20 per centum of the universe s population it would assist China s citizens incomes. The employment rate is at a 30 twelvemonth high and can assist supply more concern ( Rosenthal ) . In taking a side of whether or non China should be allowed into the WTO, I choose non accepting them in the WTO. As China being a power house of a state and is known to be a really obstinate state, I see many jobs that can happen between the U.S. and China. For illustration, it has been taking these two states over 13 old ages to make up ones mind on whether China should be portion of the WTO. Besides, China is make up ones minding on whether they will profit from being portion of the WTO. If the WTO meeting in Seattle goes good I for see problem for all states non merely the U.S. The China politicians will seek every bit shortly as they get into the WTO to seek and play their dialogue tactics that has troubled the U.S. in seeking to come up with understandings. I feel China every bit good as other states will profit from China being an foreigner. In looking through all the New York Times articles I saw how one month China felt could about hold on one issue and the following month de cided that the understanding needed mending.

Paraphrasing and Summarizing free essay sample

Paraphrasing is selecting the author or writer works and referencing the ideas that are used. As well as using your own words in a length that will capture the audience attention. Summarizing is related to your ideas and thoughts Of what the writer or author discuss. Politico (201 2),Paraphrase and summary are indispensable tools in essay writing because they allow you to include other peoples ideas without cluttering up your essay with quotations. They help you take greater control of your essay. Consider relying on either tool when an idea from one of your sources is important to your essay but the Roding is not. You should be guided in your choice of which tool to use by considerations of space. But above all, think about how much of the detail from your source is relevant to your argument. If all your reader needs to know is the bare bones, then summarize. We will write a custom essay sample on Paraphrasing and Summarizing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Ultimately, be sure not to rely too heavily on either paraphrase or summary. Your ideas are what matter most Allow yourself the space to develop those ideas. (Para. How do I paraphrase? ). Paraphrasing and Summarizing free essay sample Paraphrasing is selecting the author or writer works and referencing the ideas that are used. As well as using your own words in a length that will capture the audience attention. Summarizing is related to your ideas and thoughts Of what the writer or author discuss. Politick (201 2),Paraphrase and summary are indispensable tools in essay writing because they allow you to include other peoples ideas without cluttering up your essay with quotations. They help you take greater control of your essay. Consider relying on either tool when an idea from one of your sources is important to your essay but the Roding is not.You should be guided in your choice of which tool to use by considerations of space. But above all, think about how much of the detail from your source is relevant to your argument. If all your reader needs to know is the bare bones, then summarize. We will write a custom essay sample on Paraphrasing and Summarizing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Ultimately, be sure not to rely too heavily on either paraphrase or summary. Your ideas are what matter most Allow yourself the space to develop those ideas. (Para. How do I paraphrase? ). Politick, J. (2012). University College Writing Centre.

Essay on Communicable Disease for Zika Virus - myassignmenthelp

Question: Write about theEssay on Communicable Disease for Zika Virus. Answer: Introduction Communicable disease is the one of the dangerous forms of disease that affects the life of not only the infected person but also infects the lives of the other people who are related to the infected person. It is important to note that communicable disease are feared due to their excessive ability to spread faster as compared to other forms of diseases and infect people at exponential rate. There are huge numbers of communicable diseases in different forms which have over the years affected people from all across the world and hence it is important to focus on having strong intervention strategy to mitigate the impact of communicable disease in the society. There have been significant researches on communicable disease and its impact on the society, there has also been significant research on the different forms of communicable diseases in the world especially by the World Health Organisation the health regulatory body of UNO (World Health Organization, 2016). It has been seen that emerging and re-emerging trends in the communicable disease have had significant contribution from viruses. It is important to note that viruses are major agents that create communicable disease and hence it is important for the organisation to focus on understanding the emerging communicable diseases and the various factors that contribute to the multiplication of the communicable diseases in the society. The present study will be done with reference to the Zika Virus which has been one of the menacing communicable diseases that has affected numerous lives of people all across the world. The issue of Zika Virus is not new even though its considered as one of the emerging communicable diseases (Wikan and Smith, 2016). The present essay will take into account the discussion of the intricacies related to Zika Virus like its introducing agent, the role of host and the environmental factors and the potential policy responses taken up by the Government and the World Health Organisation in order to make sure Zika is managed properly. Overview of Zika Virus For nearly seven to eight decades the Zika Virus has been considered to have lower to moderate impact on human health but with the constant growth of the impact of the virus in the recent past in major events like Olympics have suffered the issues with Zika Virus and this has again brought this issue in limelight again. Zika Virus first came into existence when it was isolated in 1947 from a febrile rhesus Macaque monkey in the Zika forest of Uganda and was later identified in Aedes africunus mosquitoes from the same forest. There have been number of cases of Zika virus in the early 1950s that brought the thing into the limelight. There has been significant research on Zika Virus since then and it has revealed that the presence of Zika Virus is widespread in Asia and Africa. The surveillance studies in human health has shown that countries like Japan, China, India in Asia have faced the wrath of Zika significantly whereas countries like Uganda, Somalia, Nigeria, Sudan from Africa has suffered issues with Zika Virus (World Health Organization, 2016). One of the major recording of mass infection by Zika have been reported in the Brazil where 1,300,000 people got infected to Zika together due to the mosquito bite in the country. This clearly created the complete global awareness in the world about this issue and started to get medical importance after the incidents in the early 1950s. Historically looking at this communicable disease it could be said that earlier there were very small number of cases recorded where people have been infected by Zika but with over the last few years Zika Virus have come into the picture for causing deaths and mass infections in different countries especially in certain Asian and African countries. Over the past decades Zika have been considered dormant but some of the cases coming up in news have put Zika Virus in the spotlight for all wrong reasons (World Health Organization, 2016). Every year the international media launches new information campaign about new diseases which becomes viral due to the presence of the different social networking sites available. In the recent past there have been number of different communicable disease which has come up in the last few years like the Ebola Virus, H1N1 Flu, Siberian Plague et cetera and along with them Zika Virus has received great attention due to the immense health damage. W.H.O has announced a new danger in the form of Zika virus. Critically analysing the Zika it could be said that this is an endemic microorganism that is mainly found in Africa and Asia in mosquitoes and are directly connected with the Dengue virus (Weaver et al., 2016). Since it is usually transmitted by mosquitoes hence it is important to have significant intervention strategies to combat this virus. It could be said that in order to make sure effective strategies are framed it is important to analyse the agents and the environmental factors w hich contributes to the growth of the virus. The first outbreak in the Yap Island in the year 2007 had created the need of getting more information about Zika which would help the WHO as well as the regional governments to develop intervention strategies to manage this issue effectively. According to the statistics the disease have already affected around 2 million people have been affected by the Zika Virus (World Health Organisation, 2016). Zika is a positive sense single stranded RNA virus in the family of Flavivirdae which includes several other mosquito borne viruses of clinical importance. Even though there are significant researches made on the subject theres no ample information about Zika and hence it becomes real tough for the doctors and the scientists even to make significant progress in the study of Zika Virus. It could be said that doctors so far have not been able to manage any kind of proper medication for Zika and treat patients mainly strong assumptions and treatment procedures related to similar diseases like Ebola and Dengue. Hence it is important to analyse Zika Virus as a dangerous communicable disease and develop intervention strategies which would help to combat future attacks of Zika virus (Wikan and Smith, 2016). Mechanism and Impact of Zika Virus The World Health organisation has been deeply concerned about the fast spreading of Zika Virus. In the recent few years this virus has become an extremely threatening issue for people and has taken number of lives that is genuinely a matter concern for the Government as well as the world health organisation. From the statistics presented by the WHO it could be said that the symptoms of this disease could be there in the human body for two or more days and in this while can cause significant physical damage and even death of the person. The symptoms identified in Zika Virus is pretty similar to dengue or Chikungunya where a person could experience high to mild fever and the body temperature exists consistently even after medication and hence special care is needed for the patient in this scenario. On the other hand skin rash, aches and pains, conjunctivitis and headaches are common symptoms with the disease. It is recommended to a person to go for a blood test in case the body tempera tures and aches remain for more than three days (Musso et al., 2014). The mechanism of Zika virus is pretty simple as it is transmitted in the body by mosquitoes the virus gets injected in the body that is in the blood which starts to act on the antibodies which is present there in the blood creating problems in the body. It is mainly spread by the Aedes mosquitoes and but there are also talks that it could also be transmitted sexually. In the recent past Australia has suffered the wrath of Zika Virus where it has been mainly found among people who are travelers and are returning from South America or Africa. Even though Australia scholars have argued that the disease has spread in Australia but there have been cases which the country should consider as important to make movements in the future regarding the health intervention for Zika (Weaver et al. 2016). It has been stated that women and children are much more vulnerable to Zika Virus in any part of the world and hence it is important that these communities are given extra care in order to protect them from physical harm and for perennial problems caused to generations. There have been contemplations about the possible effect of Zika among the kids which are thought to be present in them right from birth which means that Zika Virus might have link with birth defects and hence it can be clearly concluded that the impact of Zika Virus on the society could be substantial if its effects are not mitigated properly. It has been quoted by the Brazil Government that Microcephaly is a condition in the child brain where it stops to develop and even though there is no evidence present but the government seems to be too confident about the statement made (Mlakar et al., 2016). Virologists have argued that its spread can be stopped only with proper awareness among people and hence it becomes one of the key tools for reducing the possible impacts of Zika. Governments in different countries like Australia have taken up steps to make sure awareness is created about Zika which would help to educate people about this virus and to combat its constant spread and mitigate its effect. The virologists have also argued that excess travelling of people from corner to the other corner of the world is one of the major reasons for its spread and so Government of Australia have already taken steps to educate travelers and bagpackers which would help them to follow life pattern which would at least help to reduce the possibility of Zika virus infection in the body (Paixo et al., 2016). Overall it is important to make sure that effective intervention strategies are developed to manage this emerging health concern not only in Australia but all across the world. It cannot be d enied that every disease or carriers of the disease are bred in certain places or there are factors that contribute to the growth of such harmful viruses and hence it is important to realise the possible carriers and agents and the factors that feed Zika Virus. Role of Agent, Host and Environmental Factors in the Spread of Zika The agents, host and the environmental factors play a crucial role in the spread of Zika Virus in the society. It cannot be denied that agents and the environmental factors clearly feed and contribute to the growth Zika virus because humans dont understand the possible harm and threats while coming close to the agents and the environmental factors help the virus to build up infection on the human body. It is important to discuss the role of the agents and the host and the environmental factors for the growth of Zika Virus in order to develop a strong intervention strategy. The main agent for the spreading of the Zika Virus is the Aedes Mosquito which is a single stranded gene from the Flavivirdae family. The distribution of the virus happens through the bite of the mosquito which clearly injects the virus through the skin in the body. Hence it could be said that the transmission of the disease mainly happens due to the blood meal of the mosquito. Even though in the recent past there have been cases of existence of the virus in the breast milk of women but it has not yet have been documented. Hence in this case it could be said that the principal agent for the spread of this perilous virus. The diagnosis of most of the patients suffering from Zika has recorded information about the existence of excessive amount of mosquito in the area and hence is considered as the prime reason for the spread of Zika virus. The infection from the mosquitoes have increased in the recent past which clearly shows that apart from the agent the use of the environmental facto rs and host have been there that worsens the situation to a large extent in managing Zika Virus (Hennessey, Fischer and Staples, 2016). The Zika Virus transmission dynamics follow a complex spatiotemporal pattern which is most of the time unpredictable and is highly influenced by the manmade activities. It is important to note that most of the Zika Virus attacks have been recorded in the densely populated areas especially in Australia. It has also been seen that the exposure to outside hosts have also played a crucial role in the spread of Zika Virus. The travelers from the different regions when come to Australia tend to distribute Zika virus and this has been one of the reasons for the increase of case of Zika Virus in Australia. The human activity patterns have played a crucial role in the spread of Zika as humans tend to do a number of things which contribute to the growth of virus and bacteria. Increase of water logging in certain areas which is very common in Asia and Africa have bred Aedes mosquitoes and have also increased the number of victims of Ebola, Zika Virus et cetera. Consistent mild fever has been on e of the indications for the virus attacks that show humans need to revamp their overall lifestyle procedure (Hall-Mendelin et al., 2016). As per the study on host it has been seen that outdoor hosts are more susceptible to Zika attack which is quite easily spread in different regions among people and hence it is important for the Governments and even the local councils to analyse the populace who are outdoors for significant time period and accordingly develop certain health rules and regulations which these people should follow in order to make sure the virus attacks could be reduced and also mitigated to a large extent. The vector control measures will only be effective if the hosts which means the human community is focused on leading a good and healthy life and most importantly follow health regime and rules and definitely dont stand water logging for more than a couple of days in the neighborhood not even in the utensils or vase (Pyke et al., 2014). The environmental factors have also largely contributed to the overall growth of Zika Virus in the world. In most cases it has been seen that Aedes mosquito the agent of Zika Virus has been found in the tropical and sub tropical region since the agent cannot live in comparatively cooler regions. In areas with moisture the breeding of the agent is easier and hence the tropical and sub tropical areas stand to be effective for the mosquitoes to live and breed. It can also be said that the excessive creation of pollution by manmade activities help viruses to breed which eventually leads to virus spread in the area. If analysed thoroughly it could be said that the Uganda and Somalia have tropical climate it is close to sea and have immense pollution and waste management is not effective which sets a perfect platform for the mosquito to act on the hosts namely humans. Hence it is important to focus on reducing pollution and take proper responses which would help to mitigate the impact of Z ika Virus (World Health Organisation, 2016). Potential Policy responses Zika Virus is one of the menacing subjects in the health study all across the world. It could be extremely helpful if gone unnoticed and could impact generations after generations. It is important to note that the World Health Organisation have made number of strategies to increase awareness of Zika Virus and have made policies which would help to combat Zika. On the other hand Australian Government has also implemented policy responses to manage the outbreak of an epidemic of Zika. The Australian Government has provided number of information to travelers and common public in the country to manage the outbreak of Zika. It has also invested significant amount of money in the research and development of medical procedures to mitigate the impact of Zika and to combat its outbreak (Leung et al., 2015). The World Health Organisation in collaboration with the Ministry of Health have enhanced the surveillance policy in Zika affected areas which would help to improve the prevention and inter vention strategies, the healthcare policy of training and development have been considered importantly to cope up with the increasing impact of Zika Virus attack. The vector control policies have been amended with the help of W.H.O and regular preparation of recommendations has also been suggested to improve the intervention procedure (Hall-Mendelin et al., 2016). Conclusion Zika Virus is one of the emerging concerns in the field of healthcare and WHO and the regional government of Australia has tried to combat its outbreak in the country. It is important to note that the agent that is Aedes mosquito could be reduced in the society with the contribution from the human host by reducing pollution and manmade activities which would improve the environment neglecting the survival of the agent of Zika Virus in the society. Overall it could be said that the present study has been able to discuss the key aspects related to Zika Virus effectively. References Diallo, D., Sall, A.A., Diagne, C.T., Faye, O., Faye, O., Ba, Y., Hanley, K.A., Buenemann, M., Weaver, S.C. and Diallo, M., 2014. Zika virus emergence in mosquitoes in southeastern Senegal, 2011.PloS one,9(10), p.e109442. Fauci, A.S. and Morens, D.M., 2016. Zika virus in the Americasyet another arbovirus threat.New England Journal of Medicine,374(7), pp.601-604. Faye, O., Freire, C.C., Iamarino, A., Faye, O., de Oliveira, J.V.C., Diallo, M. and Zanotto, P.M., 2014. Molecular evolution of Zika virus during its emergence in the 20th century.PLoS neglected tropical diseases,8(1), p.e2636. Hall-Mendelin, S., Pyke, A.T., Moore, P.R., Mackay, I.M., McMahon, J.L., Ritchie, S.A., Taylor, C.T., Moore, F.A. and van den Hurk, A.F., 2016. Assessment of local mosquito species incriminates Aedes aegypti as the potential vector of Zika virus in Australia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases,10(9), p.e0004959. Hennessey, M., Fischer, M. and Staples, J.E., 2016. Zika virus spreads to new areasregion of the Americas, May 2015January 2016.American Journal of Transplantation,16(3), pp.1031-1034. Leung, G.H., Baird, R.W., Druce, J. and Anstey, N.M., 2015. Zika virus infection in Australia following a monkey bite in Indonesia.Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health,46(3), p.460. Mlakar, J., Korva, M., Tul, N., Popovi?, M., Poljak-Prijatelj, M., Mraz, J., Kolenc, M., Resman Rus, K., Vesnaver Vipotnik, T., Fabjan Voduek, V. and Vizjak, A., 2016. Zika virus associated with microcephaly.N Engl J Med,2016(374), pp.951-958. Musso, D., Nhan, T., Robin, E., Roche, C., Bierlaire, D., Zisou, K., Yan, A.S., Cao-Lormeau, V.M. and Broult, J., 2014. Potential for Zika virus transmission through blood transfusion demonstrated during an outbreak in French Polynesia, November 2013 to February 2014.Eurosurveillance,19(14), p.20761. Paixo, E.S., Barreto, F., da Glria Teixeira, M., Maria da Conceio, N.C. and Rodrigues, L.C., 2016. History, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations of Zika: a systematic review.American Journal of Public Health (ajph). Pyke, A.T., Daly, M.T., Cameron, J.N., Moore, P.R., Taylor, C.T., Hewitson, G.R., Humphreys, J.L. and Gair, R., 2014. Imported Zika virus infection from the Cook Islands into Australia, 2014.PLoS currents,6. Weaver, S.C., Costa, F., Garcia-Blanco, M.A., Ko, A.I., Ribeiro, G.S., Saade, G., Shi, P.Y. and Vasilakis, N., 2016. Zika virus: History, emergence, biology, and prospects for control.Antiviral research,130, pp.69-80. Wikan, N. and Smith, D.R., 2016. Zika virus: history of a newly emerging arbovirus.The Lancet Infectious diseases,16(7), pp.e119-e126. World Health Organization, 2016. WHO statement on the first meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005)(IHR 2005) Emergency Committee on Zika virus and observed increase in neurological disorders and neonatal malformations.Saudi medical journal,37(3), pp.332-333. World Health Organization, 2016. Zika virus research agenda.

Repercussions of an introvert personality Essay Example

Repercussions of an introvert personality Essay This report aims to explain and justify the repercussions of an introvert personality, remarkably in a job which involves public contact. It is done so by taking into consideration various factors which would affect an individual personality. The word personality originates from the Greek word persona, which means mask. It is notably interesting to be knowledgeable about the theatres of the ancient Latin-speaking world, wherein the mask was not used as a plot device to disguise the identity of a character, but rather was a convention employed to represent or typify that character. An individual personality may be defined as the total pattern of characteristic ways of thinking, feeling ad behaving that constitute the individuals distinctive method of relating to the environment (Kagan and Havemann 1976) Personality is a very comprehensive concept yet it is very individualistic and unique by itself. Personality of an individual is determined by the way they perceive or react to the world outside them. In order to interpret a personality, it is very important to find out what motivates them, take into consideration their thinking process, their way of reacting to situations. The process of personality thus integrates the processes of perception, motivation and learning. (Huczynski and Buchanan 1991) Personality, predominantly, are of two extreme types of personality; extrovert and introvert. However of late there is a third term which is in vogue; ambivert, used for personalities that fall between extrovert and introvert. A lay mans description of introverts personality is described as a person who is shy, lacks social skills, will not talk, is withdrawn and unfriendly. However, Introversion is not the same as shyness, though introverts may also be shy. We will write a custom essay sample on Repercussions of an introvert personality specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Repercussions of an introvert personality specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Repercussions of an introvert personality specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Introverts choose solitary over social activities by preference, whereas shy people avoid social encounters out of fear. (Whitten 2001) Myers Briggs says an introvert derives energy from his or her internal world of emotions and ideas. (CIO 1995). Introverts may not necessarily be silent people but people who remain silent by choice. They are sometimes quiet, introspective (reflective) and appreciate order. (Huczynski and Buchanan 1991). Introverts have always been criticized of being lonely, shy etc. Its worth mentioning Marti Laney description of an introvert as someone who is a good listener, who enjoys time alone, appears calm and is self contained. Introversion is not the same as shyness, though introverts may also be shy. Introverts choose solitary over social activities by preference, whereas shy people avoid social encounters out of fear. The various characteristics of an introvert personality have been studied and debated with various conclusions. However a few characteristics are a vital and cannot be overlooked as a characteristic. The characteristic of an introvert brings out a process of their emotions, thoughts, and observations internally. Many a time introverts are found to be social people; but reveal less than extroverts do. Introverts take their time to think before they respond or react in a given situation, and develop their ideas by reflecting privately. Introverts personality traits are in general passionate, but not aggressive. In short, they are more private, and less public. However at workplace, when boss or a senior asks for the status or an explanation for a pending assignment, it will be considered impertinent on the part of an employee to be silent. The employee is expected to speak up and be answerable. It is highly empirical that an introvert will not be selected or cannot sustain a job involving public contact. Silence will not be granted for introversion of an individual. Some introverts arent stereotypically shy and can strike up conversations with anyone; they do talk and listen to people. However, most introverts avoid striking a conversation with someone. In comparison to out going natured people, Introverts lack the tactic of talking up by themselves. Theyd rather have meaningful conversations about the depths of human souls and minds, but find few opportunities (those arent the usual conversations at work during regular briefings or board room meetings). While working in a company any good role involving public contact, it is a part of the normal routine to make presentations. Introversion of an individual will make the audience of the presentation raise questions on the ability of the individual. This can result in high levels of demotivation and can result in side lining of the employee during presentations.

A Proposal For An Anti Stigma Awareness Program Social Work Essay Essay Example

A Proposal For An Anti Stigma Awareness Program Social Work Essay Essay Example A Proposal For An Anti Stigma Awareness Program Social Work Essay Essay A Proposal For An Anti Stigma Awareness Program Social Work Essay Essay The nucleus of stigma is a judgmental attitude aimed at person fighting mental unwellness. Even today these attitudes persist and produce damaging effects go forthing person who struggles with mental unwellness feeling rejected and less valued. Consequently, these attitudes can impede recovery, which in bend, underscore feelings of weakness and marginalisation. This writer presents an educational consciousness plan directed at the pupils of Spring Woods High School in Houston, Texas ; with the purpose of turn toing the stigma of mental unwellness on a community degree. This proposal outlines the plan, its leading and support, and the function of psychologists and allied professionals in the community. It presents a helpful review of the plan, and takes into history all possible results. A plan rating is offered as a manner of mensurating its effectivity. Literature identifies societal stigma as a turning cosmopolitan concern in the bringing of wellness attention and human services ( Link, Struening, Neese-Todd, Asmussen, A ; Phelan, 2001 ) . A recent diagnosing of mental unwellness, for case, may endanger one s sense of individuality. The state of affairs is farther aggravated when 1 s household and immediate community, are perceived to respond negatively to the forecast. When this happens, people tend to hide their unwellness to avoid feelings of shame and being marginalized. The ensuing stigma is frequently carried over to the work force and health care scenes where a individual fighting with mental unwellness relates with detached and apathetic equals and health care givers. In due class, the societal banishment can take to avoidance of intervention for the unwellness ( Link A ; Phelan, 2006 ) . Goffman s ( 1963 ) seminal work defines stigma as a detrimental property or a smudge against one s individuality, as such, person to be shunned or ignored in a civil society. Literature in stigma is well extended, to include of import issues refering to policy, economic sciences, civilization and mental wellness ( Keusch, Wilentz, A ; Kleinman, 2006 ) . Mental unwellness is still a negative characteristic that continues to act upon societal dealingss ( Corrigan A ; Watson, 2006 ) . By and large, stigma embodies the populace s countenance of a aggregation of prejudiced attitudes, hurtful emotional responses, prejudiced behaviours, and biased societal hierarchy directed at members of a subgroup. It includes stereotyping, labeling, exclusion, and marginalisation of the stigmatized persons in a societal state of affairs ( Corrigan A ; Wassel, 2008 ) . Most late, public wellness issues related to stigma faced by people with mental unwellness have become recognized planetary wellness concerns. Thornicroft and Maingay ( 2002 ) estimates that about 450 million people world-wide battle with mental wellness issues at one clip or another, which accounts for 31 % of all old ages lived with the unwellness albeit sing important planetary differences. That said, the stigma and marginalisation linked with terrible mental unwellness tend to do it more hard for people fighting with mental wellness jobs to take advantage of the current available interventions, therefore farther impeding their recovery and assimilation ( Overton A ; Medina, 2008 ) . This resonates with the Surgeon General s study ( 1999 ) , where stigma was recognized as the most of import hindrance in the intervention of mental upsets. Emerging literature uncovering the negative effects of stigma on mental unwellness has prompted wellness bureaus to get down developing plans designed to cut down, if non wholly prevent stigma. The World Health Organization ( WHO, 2001 ) , in their study explored ways to face and cut down stigma, including developing and advancing anti-stigma runs and plans through coaction with non-government organisations. A figure of on-line plans against stigma of mental unwellness were besides developed to tackle the potency of the cyberspace and other related media in get the better ofing stigma beyond the local degree. As apparent from these enterprises, stigma is now by and large recognized as a cosmopolitan issue that will necessitate to be addressed on many degrees, affecting the coaction and partnership between authorities, health care establishments, and non-government organisations. Analysis of the Problem Stigma associated with mental unwellness deeply resides in the complex societal phenomenon between persons and their battle with others, and accordingly, can be understood from the symbolic interaction model ( Blumer, 1969 ) ; every bit good as Kleinman s ( 1988 ) theory of societal constructivism as it relates to illness. Chandra and Minkovitz ( 2006 ) highlight the close impossibleness for an person to non be influenced by social norms ; they are learned early on and are nurtured within the household and immediate community. This can be observed in how society even countenances this moral force of self-identification with mental unwellness in its usage of mundane linguistic communication ( Rusch, Angermeyer, A ; Corrigan, 2005 ) . This is clearly apparent when persons are referred to or identified by their mental unwellness. She s bi-polar, would look more convenient than saying She struggles with bi-polar upset. Sadly, one time an person has been labeled, the labeling does non discontinue even when the person s status improves ( Hinshaw, 2005 ) . In add-on, incrimination is invariably acknowledged as a chief factor that leads to stigma ( Sandelowski, Lambe, A ; Barroso, 2004 ) . Research demonstrates how the procedure of stigmatisation is strongly linked to the grade of control an person is perceived to hold over his or her unwellness, including the grade of duty the single accepts as a consequence. Case in point: mental unwellness ensuing from encephalon tumour is perceived as less stigmatizing by striplings, as compared to unexplained mental unwellness ( Corrigan, et al. , 2005 ) . To contrast leukaemia with bi-polar upset with regard to comprehend control, bi-polar is perceived to caused since it is frequently characterized as something to make with compulsive behaviours and substance maltreatment, while leukaemia is understood more as something that happens randomly ( Sandelowski, Lambe, A ; Barroso ) . Traveling beyond the doctor s diagnosing, Kleinman s theory explored the narrations that each individual, their household, and immediate community bring to the apprehension of unwellness. Kleinman underscored the significance of the narratives environing the unwellness and how it is shaped by the patient. Kleinman is chiefly concerned in the narratives of individuals who are fighting from chronic unwellness. He makes it a point to distinguish disease from unwellness. Disease pertains to the job from the doctor s point of view ; while unwellness refer to the patient and his or her household s apprehension and grasp of the job and how they put forth the attempt to turn to the state of affairs ( Kleinman ) . Harmonizing to Kleinman, socialisation ensues when narratives related to unwellness are shared and explored among the patient and their households. It is of import to observe that while Kleinman does non indicate specifically to societal constructivism in the articulation of his theory, the impression of shared significance is embedded throughout his work. Pulling from his observations of the societal constructions of assorted civilizations, Kleinman asserts the significance that the patient s immediate community ascribes to the unwellness is more of import than the existent physical symptoms and forecast of the disease. For illustration, a individual who presents with symptoms of depression may non mind the physician s referral for therapy if his immediate societal context does non back such class of action. This can take to farther complications and can be a beginning of defeat for both the patient and doctor. Furthermore, the difference of sentiment can ensue in unfavourable inter vention results. From the societal alteration perspective Kleinman s theory provides the juncture to look beyond the immediate jobs of mental unwellness and appreciate the potency for alteration. This stance becomes more of import given that society is going more culturally diverse, and where psychologists are deemed built-in to advance thoughts that initiate societal alteration to modern health care quandary.

Majoring in Abnormal Psychology Is Not For Everyone essays

Majoring in Abnormal Psychology Is Not For Everyone essays Abnormal Psychology: a life decision Majoring in psychology is not for everyone. It does not appeal to those who seek quick and simple answers to complex problems, nor to those who want the "approved solution" to the questions of why humans act, think and feel as they do. But if you are someone who enjoys mysteries, gets excited by challenging puzzles, is curious about human nature, intrigued by observing animal behavior, thinks about the HOW and WHY of YOU, then you'll find psychology a rewarding and even empowering major. There is no field of knowledge with such an enormous extent of interest as can be found in psychology. From the micro analysis of the functioning of single nerve cells, to the macro functioning of urban communities, to the perception of a newborn child, to the prejudice of a group, to the decision-making process of national governments; we have it all. While many psychologists study fundamental processes of human development, brain functioning, learning, motivation, emotion, memory, judgment, language, personality, mental disorders, and social interactions for the sheer joy of understanding them better, others seek to apply psychological knowledge to improve the quality of our lives. All my academic life Ive been struggling with what exactly it is that I want to major in. Ive always been fascinated with the crime investigation shows you see on Court T.V. I just love the whole mystery and challenge, and then being able to solve that mystery based on the evidence. It was only until recently that the crime solvers world of investigation has blossomed and has brought on many new techniques to solving crimes. There have been many new advances in forensic science that have not only solved many cold cases, but have freed wrongly accused men/women. Its from these new approaches that have brought into light a new type of investigator, a psychological profil ...

Criminal Justice Approaches to Paedophilic Sex Offenders Essays

Criminal Justice Approaches to Paedophilic Sex Offenders Essays Criminal Justice Approaches to Paedophilic Sex Offenders Essay Criminal Justice Approaches to Paedophilic Sex Offenders Essay The article Criminal Justice Approaches to Paedophilic Sex Offenders by Martha Kleinhans (2002) is one of a particularly topical nature at present. Not only does Kleinhans attempt to wrestle with an inherently taboo subject matter, she does so with fastidious ability, drawing conclusions, evaluation and criticism throughout the piece. The article, written in 2002, came just after a great deal of media interest in the trial of Roy Whiting, who was sentenced to life imprisonment for the murder of Sarah Payne, and thus contains both reference to recent headline news as well as evaluation concerning current legislation and parliamentary acts. Due to this occurrence and topical agenda, articles of this nature and subject matter have flooded the market with reference to all manner of areas concerning paedophilic sex offenders. It would therefore seem probable that this article may have nothing specific to offer in the way of insights into this field. However, this does not prove to be the case, as Kleinhans raises some valuable sociological discourses and covers ground that would not be expected to be standard of this subject matter. Within the opening few lines of the article, Kleinhans states that the main agenda within the piece is addressed to the over reactions of the public towards paedophillic sex offenders, and the impulsiveness of legislation systems to bring about justice and retribution. This initial statement enables Kleinhans to diversify her argument into several different areas within the topic of criminal justice studies, but also to use it as a platform with which other statements can be made in reference. From this, the article firstly attempts to identify the distinctions that have been imposed between childhood and adulthood. This is inherently a difficult task, and as Kleinhans states, it firstly requires exploring two underlying assumptions about the child: first, the innocence of the child and, second, the asexuality of the child (2002 p 234). Yet, the disadvantage of assumption is that it is not necessarily based on truths, and is therefore liable to subjective interpretation and thus can be misleading. Kleinhans accepts this view, and goes on to investigate the extent to which the innocence and asexuality of the child transpire. These two topics are dealt with individually, and Kleinhans concludes that the innocence of the child is not necessarily the case. Although society wishes to perceive the child and childhood as innocent, the pervasiveness of juvenile offenders is enough to allow this area to become deceptive. Thus leading to an ambiguity between childhood and innocence. However, although this may be the case, this ambiguity is not enough to detract from the moral separation of children from adults (Kleinhans 2002, p234). Yet, this view is not necessarily echoed in contemporary legislation. As criminal justice systems categorise offenders in terms of age, with the separation of adult, juvenile and young offenders, it has become increasingly clear that the child is not necessarily innately innocent and the separation between childhood and adulthood, in terms of real world consequences, is becoming ever more entwined. Kleinhans then moves to deal with the second issue concerning child, namely the perceived asexuality that comes with childhood. Kleinhans argues that this is again a social separator of childhood from adulthood, with sexuality conceivably being a defining factor of the end of the childhood stage. As with innocence, asexuality of childhood is likely to misleading, it is unlikely that children remain total naive to sexuality, despite the best attempts of others. This argument is then furthered with the discussion that the emphasis placed on the repression of childhood sexuality is infact constructing sexual beings that need to be regulated. An idea, which again produces inconsistencies and contradictions, thus affecting our notion of childhood sexuality and the separation of the child from the adult. After considering the various issues concerning the child, the article moves on to examine the aspects of punishment inflicted on the paedophilic sex offender. Kleinhans discussion centres around the distinction between corporal and carceral punishment. She argues that modern criminal justice approaches have moved away from corporal punishment systems to more carceral-based systems, but also argues the benefits of a more dualist or holistic approach. This then emphasises the punishment on both the body and the soul, a case of addressing both sides of person in order to rectify the whole. After this initial identification of contemporary justice systems, Kleinhans then considers the logistics surrounding incarceration for paedophilic sex offenders. This takes the form of the virtual and civilised prison. Kleinhans uses these terms to identify the differing facets of imprisonment while not actually incarcerated within the prison, thus transversing the methods used while in prison to the offender upon release. The virtual prison describes the way in which after release, methods have been applied to the offender in order to keep them under surveillance. Methods of electronic tagging and registry systems have all been used in this way, this creates a virtual prison, in which, although not actually incarcerated, the offender is still subjected to the monitoring and surveillance which were afforded while in prison. The civilised prison refers to the civilised nature in which punishment is administered. The nature of imprisonment provides a way of governing punishment away from the public in a civilised manor. Yet, with public attention being paramount when concerned with paedophilia, this civilised manor is almost eradicated as the punishment of the offender becomes an ever more increasingly public spectacle. Kleinhans concludes her argument with a discussion of the offender and the community, in which she comments on the exclusionary tactics employed by the community in order to rid themselves of an offender in their location. This idea echoes the notion of the virtual prison, in which offenders are excluded from society to such a degree that it is almost impossible for them to begin the road away from deviance, and are thus once again in isolation. In order to evaluate the article to a greater degree, it is necessary to look at the work within a wider context. This refers to evaluating the piece within the dimensions of deviance within a sociological perspective, and thus, this area should be looked at in greater detail. The definition of deviance is slightly problematic as there is no set definition or description for this term. However, deviance can be explained as a relative phenomena, in which it can only be related to a standard, which is no means fixed or absolute. Due to this, deviance is socially constructed, and what is seen as deviant in one culture may be considered the norm for another. Perhaps one of the most dominant perspectives within the field of deviance is that of functionalism. This takes the view that deviance occurs due to the nature of society, rather than an individual trait. Merton (1938) argued that deviant behaviour could be explained as a function of the properties of social systems rather than physiological or psychological discrepancies. This description of deviant behaviour fits in with Kleinhans view that the community in which the offender is relocated to provide the right conditions for deviant behaviour to reoccur, thus society is constructing the dimensions in which deviance can facilitate. During 2001, a great deal of media coverage became apparent after the murder of Sarah Payne, from this, a great wave of communal reaction occurred resulting in legislation being passed. Sarahs law called for tighter controls on known paedophilic sex offenders and gave way to a great host of clauses concerning this area. This vast public reaction had several consequences, not only did it bring this paedophilic sex offender into the public eye, but some of the methods and restrictions employed by the law had negative effects. Drury (2002) claimed that the anti-paedophile mobs were pushing these offenders underground and out of a sphere in which they could be controlled. Pank (2001) also suggested that this might be the case, and also added that registration systems may result in some unforeseen circumstances, in particular, making it more accessible for other offenders to contact each other. This view again sits with the idea of socially constructed crime, as society is producing the guidelines for which deviance can take hold. One further view of deviance is that held by the internationalist approach. Becker (1963) states that social groups create deviance by the making of rules whose infraction constitutes deviance, and by applying those rules to particular people and labelling them as outsiders (1963 p9). This view can be applied to paedophilic sex offenders, as the public labelling of these offenders as paedophiles defines this individual and places upon some certain character evaluation. Becker also wields the idea of a self-fulfilling prophecy, in that the label applied to the offender becomes the over-riding statute and thus controlling, therefore the label administered to the offender becomes one of a truthful nature as it is accepted by the person. Kleinhans article also shares this view, as Becker argues that the public treatment of a deviently labelled individual denies them an ordinary existence, they are then almost required to develop unlawful practices. This is also echoed in the registry programme employed in certain countries in order to monitor paedophilic sex offenders. This public labelling imposes the character evaluation of a paedophile onto the offender; an example of this is produced by Itzen (2001), where it is argued that paedophilia and child sex abuse have become inextricably linked within the public eye, even though this link may not be true of the majority. Therefore, this labelling process produces those who are thus excluded from society, resulting in the adoption of criminal or deviant routines. It lastly comes to the evaluation of the article. Within the abstract and introduction to the piece, Kleinhans identifies her aims for the article as a whole. She states that the work itself is addressed to the (over) reactions of the public (2002 p233), and that the underlying concepts that seem central to the discussion of paedophilic sex offenders are produced in order to evaluate the contemporary punishment and legal systems for these crimes. Thus, as the title of the article suggests, Kleinhans main argument pivots around the discussion of punishment systems for paedophilia and thus attempts to shed new light on the discourse and practice (2001 p233) of these systems. The article does indeed reflect upon these punishment issues to a great degree, and this argument provides the bulk of material within the piece. It could therefore be said that the article does achieve the initial aims put forward by Kleinhans. She looks at and examines the peripheral aspects to which paedophilia is concerned, such as the moral separation of the child from the adult in both innocence and naivety as well as sexual beings, thus introducing the inconsistencies in our morals and behaviour towards this area of human nature. After dealing with these underlying concepts, she moves on to discuss the punishment systems in place for paedophilic sex offenders and looks beyond the characteristic view of the prison, and applies these inferences to the outside world. By doing so, the article looks at a greater scope of punishment than just the basic corporal or carceral systems, and looks at how the community also employs punishment tactics to offenders. The research used within the article is generally up to date, and employs current legislation to further arguments made. It also seem to be well referenced with every point or argument presented being backed up with empirical studies. However, with the topic being of such current debate, the article, in general, does not produce any new findings on this. Yet, it does prove to be of aid in the clarification of this subject. Thus the article can be criticised in not fully achieving its initial aims, but Kleinhans does provide a compelling argument with sound debate and so the piece is not without its merits. The article itself appears well written and documented, and incorporates a vast scope of features concerning many areas of this subject matter. The work appears objective without being over clinical and employs various approaches and theories of a sociological nature to further the comments made. Kleinhans takes a different view on an intrinsically tender subject, and looks in detail and the punishment systems upon the offender as well as the effect the community has on the deviance. In her own conclusion, she expresses a wish to shed some light on the punishment of sex offenders, and I believe the article has done that. By looking at the system outside of the prison walls, the article does provide a description of this matter that is not generally attenuated to. Although not providing any groundbreaking new views or theories, the articles different take on this subject matter aids in the clarification of the this topic.

Waiting Line and Queuing Theory Solutions Essays

Waiting Line and Queuing Theory Solutions Essays Waiting Line and Queuing Theory Solutions Paper Waiting Line and Queuing Theory Solutions Paper College class: number of students come in groups at the beginning of class period; very few arrive during the class or very early before class. F. Movie theater: probably not if only one movie is shown (if there are four or more auditoriums each playing a different movie simultaneously, it may be okay). Patrons all tend to arrive in batches S to 20 minutes before a show, c. Laundromat: basically a single-channel, multiplexer, two-phase system. Arrivals Waiting line Service customers with dirty clothes usually first-come, first-served in terms of selecting an available machine first phase consists of washing clothes n washing machines; second-phase is again queuing for the first available drying machine d.

Liverppol Vision Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Liverppol Vision Company - Essay Example In addition, they have also gained resources from Europe and from the National Government, to create a City Centre that brings in new investment and employment opportunities to the people of Liverpool city. They have made a total investment of 3 billion, towards the regeneration of Liverpool city centre. The aims of economic revival have been targeted at their chosen areas of action, which are as follows: Kings Waterfront - This region has the largest development on the Liverpool waterfront. Liverpool Vision and its partners English Partnerships, Northwest Development Agency and Liverpool City Council are jointly promoting its development by using its potential for residential, hotel, office, retail, leisure, community and open space uses. Hope Street Quarter - Hope Street connects Liverpool to its cultural, spiritual and educational epicenters. It is the place of magnificent attractions such as The Royal Liverpool Philharmonic, the Liverpool Institute of Performing Arts (LIPA) and the successful award winning Hope Street Hotel. Another significant aspect of this area, is its distinct historic environment, the hallmark of which are the two landmark Cathedrals. Liverpool Vision is working with key businesses and other stakeholders, with the intention of promoting the economic potential of this area by taking necessary steps to connect this area with the life of the city. Pier Head & Mann Island - This area of Liverpool has been the essence of what constitutes Liverpool to the rest of the world. It is made up some of the best known architectures such as of the Royal Liver Building, the Cunard Building, and the Port of Liverpool Building, collectively known as the Three Graces - with striking views of the river. In June 2005, Planning and Development Brief prepared by Liverpool Vision in collaboration with the two landowners, National Museums Liverpool and Northwest Regional Development Agency, was endorsed by the Liverpool City Council. This is the first step towards implementing the idea of rejuvenating this part of the city. Commercial district - This area was established in the 19th Century. Two of the most important stock exchanges Corn Exchange (Dale Street) and Cotton Exchange (Old Hall Street) are located in this district. Using resources, Liverpool Visions has ambitions to create a 21st century business environment, in commercials district to make up for the shortage of high quality commercial space in Liverpool. In October 2005, Liverpool Vision was given the Outline Planning consent for a new Commercial Quarter in the heart of Liverpool City Centre. The proposals put forth will see the creation of 1.5m sq ft of high quality commercial space, new public spaces, and associated car parking on the area bounded by Leeds Street, Pall Mall, Tithebarn Street and Old Hall Street. Castle Street (Live Work District) - This area is made up of Victorian office buildings, which are now being converted into apartments, with their ground floors being used for commercial purposes. Liverpool Vision is not just concerned with bringing new developments into residential and official area, but it also aims to remove traffic from main routes of this areas in order to, create a more pedestrian friendly environment. Lime Street Gateway - Lime street gateway is the key gateway to Liverpool

Legal Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Legal Questions - Essay Example In analysis of the information the enactment of the FTDA, courts have struggled for applying the customary for trademark dilution for the reason that of the expansive language used in the law. (Koo, 2004) Under these laws, initially the Home Specialists should consider talking to the individuals responsible for TechEquip and Homer.com. The fact to ponder upon is when Tech equips registered as Homer. Com, the office did not object them on the name. It is very natural for people at Home Specialists to feel that the Tec equip is using their goodwill somehow. But, it does not really fall into a court case category. Both of the parties should meet up in friendly terms and try and convince and inform each other of any apprehensions if they feel exist. If in the case that Home Specialists drag the latter party to court. Then they would have to prove Tech Equip.'s deliberate attempt to use their goodwill. This would not be of any use. Because if the whole issue would have been objectionable the people at the registrars office would have discussed the same with Tec Equip. The whole case can be deemed as just mere confusion under the FTDA Act. Ans 2) By Trade dress is actua... But the fact is, that, there can be an instance of confusion or just mere a mistake. The trade dress infringement act entails a provision and space that these acts be taken into consideration. Damages should only be awarded in case of the occurrence that Levec Inc, can prove a deliberate attempt by Tarvainen to use their goodwill. Only if they are proven right in their claim should they receive damages. It is very well possible that in the case of Levec Inc not being able to prove any thing; it might just be considered a fault or a mistake. The Protection in relation of any specific trade dress is comparable as the protection and safeguard of trademarks. Trade Dress Infringement Violation can occur unintentionally also. (Wiemelt, 2003-2006) Ans 3) the Law 'Act on the Protection of Personal Information' is where this should be categorized. Article 1, the rationale behind this Act is the safeguard and protection of the civil rights as well as their interests of individuals considering the fact that the personal information can be useful to other parties. Proper handling of this personal information is an essential. Basically all the articles in this act entail the following idea, that the personal information of individuals that are being used by certain business entities, by permission is being used for business purposes. The government has the responsibility of making sure that the business entity in particular should safeguard that data. The state rather is also responsible for safeguarding this information.According to this act, if the business entity plans to alter the entity handling this personal information, their must be public notifications of such an act. Meaning all should be informed. With

Why Is Teen Pregnancy So High Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why Is Teen Pregnancy So High - Essay Example Many young girls grow up unaware of the dangers that may await them in the outside world. In order to be fully prepared for what may come in their teenage years, young girls need to be taught the dangers and consequences of teenage pregnancy. If this knowledge is obtained before an opportunity arises, then there is less of a chance of pregnancy occurring. Some people would say that talking about subjects such as sex only increases its frequency, yet most international studies show that teen pregnancy rates decrease in conjunction with proper teaching. Even if a girl is unable to avoid a situation, she may be able to make herself safer due to her knowledge about the issue. Another reason why teenage pregnancy rates can be so high is because of poor parenting. Education starts in the home, and as such, parents should take responsibility for their kids. Many children live in single-parent homes, which can be tough, yet there is no excuse for not properly forewarning someone of the effects of teenage pregnancy. As parents are the closest people to a young child, they are more likely to be listening to because of the influence they hold over their children. A parent who is a good role model will affect the way their kids think over certain issues, one of which is teenage pregnancy. Finally, perhaps the most significant cause of teenage pregnancy is peer pressure. Young people are always so concerned with what their friends or peers are saying about them. This is a stage in someone’s life where parents do not have the same hold over them. Friends influence the decisions and feelings of most teenagers because no one wants to look out of place. Even if someone’s peers are not encouraging someone to make a bad choice, it may be that the person feels like their friends do.

Research Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 5

Research Methods - Essay Example The independent variables negatively correlated with the dependent variable: number of MP3s, and age. The model is a poor model in explaining CD sales because the adjusted R2 is only 0.27. Nevertheless, the F-statistics is significant with a p-value of 0.001. This means that we can reject the null hypothesis that all coefficients of the independent variables of the model are simultaneously equal to zero. Thus, unless a better model is found, the model may be used on a provisional basis. For inferences to be appropriate, several assumptions are assumed to apply in multiple regressions (Gujarati 2004, p. 203), there are several assumptions involved in using linear regression. The most important of these are as follows: zero mean of residuals, no serial errors among residuals, homocedasticity, zero covariance between independent variable and residuals, absence of specification bias or the model is correctly specified, and no exact collinearity between the independent variables (Gujarati 2004, p. 203 and 204). Except for gender and age, all variables are able to provide a significant explanation on the value of the dependent variable. The variable â€Å"task control,† however, is able to explain at a significant level the dependent variable in Netherlands but not in the US. Except for tenure, the background variables are unable to provide a significant marginal contribution in explaining the value of the dependent variable. The variables task control environment control, and tenure consistently manifest a negative relationship and all are significantly related at p-value=0.10 with the dependent variable perceived work stress. That greater job control can significantly affect the perceived work stress is adequately supported in both regressions. However, I am uncomfortable that the both regression model can only explain not more than 25% of the variation

Accounting II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Accounting II - Essay Example This form of company typically have unlimited life and ease of ownership transferability in addition to owners limited liability. Examples of such companies are Microsoft and HP (Brigham & Ehrhardt, 2008). The accounting treatment of partnership takes company as an entity which is separate from partners’ personal affairs (Horngren, Bamber, & Harrison, 2005). The major difference in the accounting of corporations and partnership is the calculation and disclosure of the capital of the organization. Corporations are required to prepare and publish audited annual and quarterly reports which could be accessed by shareholders. These annual reports contains statements including income statement, balance sheet, cash flow and changes in shareholders’ equity. Financial reports are not published for external users by partnership and tax return is submitted as part of individual tax forms. There are different ways of identifying whether a company is a partnership or corporation. Firstly, partnerships and corporations fall in different tax regimes. In partnership entity is not liable for tax and it is deducted from owner’s personal income. IRS has set out guidelines for distinguishing between partnership and corporation. In addition to the characteristics discussed above if one partner has the power to dissolve company then the characteristics of corporation is absent. Shareholders of corporations can sell their stock to third party however in partnerships there is general lack of transferability. There is also centralization of management in partnership whereas in corporations there is a board of directors which comprise of company’s shareholders (Brickman, 1991). ï‚ § What does a statement of cash flows tell us about the short and long term prospects of the firm? How does an outside review use a statement of cash flows and other financial statements to assess the viability of the firm? Companies prepare cash flow statement on a periodic basis for

Water Conservation Essay Example for Free

Water Conservation Essay Water is an integral part of land/soil productivity. Its misuse can cause both degradation and erosion of soils. Management of water resource is considered to necessary for well being of human life as well as crop yields. There is a gap between the seasonal availability of water and its equitable supply throughout the year. Accordingly the storage of water and passage through soils is very important. It is well known that about 70% area in this country is subject to varying degree of water stress. There are areas with heavy rainfall but water problems become predominant during non-monsoon periods. It is thus a matter of concern to create a redistribution system and requirements as and when it is needed. Although there are many methods for water management, the two important methods are mentioned as follows. (I) Watershed management (II) Rainwater harvesting (I) Watershed Management : A watershed is an area bounded by the divide line of water flow so that a distinct drainage basin of any small or big water course or stream can be identified. The rain falling over this area will flow through only one point of the whole watershed. In other words, the entire area will be drained only by one stream or water course. In this way we will have definitive water resource which can be assessed and analyzed for planning for the optimum utilization through ground water, wells, tube wells, small ponds, bigger tanks or reservoirs. Watershed management is very important for rainfall and resultant run-off. More than 900 watersheds of the flood prone rivers have been identified and are at present in operation. The development of delayed through propagation of water harvesting technology is also based on the concept of micro watershed. Himalayas are one of the most critical watersheds in the world. The damage to reservoirs and irrigation systems and misused Himalayan slopes is mounting as are the costs for the control measures during the flood season every year. The vast hydroelectric power potential can be harnessed from the Himalayas watersheds on a sustainable basis. (II) Rain water Harvesting : Water harvesting technologies have established the economic and practical feasibility for inclusion in integrated watershed management plans. A number  of such structures in the Hirakud catchment have revealed that these are desirable for protection of land, restoration of degraded land for creation of micro irrigation potential of reuse of water. This would also help in increased production based productivity for generation of employment of opportunities. The concept of watershed management has been extended to agro-industrial watersheds which take care of agro-industrial development.

The Product Brand Line Of Maggi Marketing Essay

The Product Brand Line Of Maggi Marketing Essay Part 1 Introduction In 1863, Maggi was founded by Julius Michael Johannes Maggi in Switzerland. Julius Maggi developed a flavours recipe to bring added taste to meals. This signified the establishment of the Maggi brand and its product line that is convenient products. In 1882, due to his well-known for nutrition-oriented approach, a physician called Dr. Fridolin Schuler and the Swiss Government met up with Julius Maggi and told him about the problem of the labouring classes who were suffering from malnutrition. After that, he was asked to seek for a solution in order to improve the nutritional values of meals. Therefore, he created the protein based vegetable food products, which were two instant pea soups and an instant bean soup. These two products were quick to be prepared, easy to be digested and sold in a low price. The products were successfully overcame the problem of woman who were lack of time in preparing meals as more and more woman were working outside. By the turn of the century, the Maggi company also produced other types of products such as bouillon cubes, sauces and flavorings. In 1947, Alimentana S.A., the manufacturer of Maggi seasonings and soups merged with Nestlà © to form Nestlà ©-Alimentana S.A. Today, MAGGI ® has been offering high quality, convenient, innovative, and nutritious products. MAGGI ® products help us to prepare nutritious and delicious meals. Its bouillons, soups, seasonings and sauces are useful while cooking and add flavour into our food. The product brand line of MAGGI ® Culinary products is the product brand line of  MAGGI ®. Now, in the year of 2013, the products produced by MAGGI ® basically can be categorized into four different groups which are noodles, MAGGI ® flavour world, sauces and light meals. Among all these products, different kinds of flavours were provided so that the consumers have a variety of choices and select what they want based on personal needs and favourites. The table below showed all the products produced by MAGGI ®: Category Products Noodles 1. MAGGI Hot Bowl Instant Noodle 2. MAGGI Hot Cup Instant Noodle 3. MAGGI 2-Minutes Noodles 4. MAGGI Mi-Goreng MAGGI ® flavour world 1. MAGGI Stock Cubes 2. MAGGI CUKUP RASA 3. MAGGI Liquid Stocks 4. MAGGI HARI-HARI FAVOURITES Sauces 1. MAGGI Oyster Sauce 2. MAGGI Seasoning 3. MAGGI Red Sauce Light meals 1. MAGGI Soup 2. MAGGI Porridge The MAGGI 2-Minutes Noodles Curry MAGGI 2-Minutes Noodles was first introduced in India by Nestle India Limited in 1982 and act as a market leader in selling instant noodles. Therefore, it becomes a well-known instant noodles brand among all the consumers and many people call noodles as Maggi. MAGGI 2-Minutes Noodles Curry is one of flavour in the series of MAGGI 2-Minutes Noodles. It is sold in a pack of five. The servings size of each small pack is 79grams for one serving. The noodle contains 48.6 grams of carbohydrate per serving that provides the energy that we need. It is a convenient product that can be easily found in any marketplace. The package of this product was changed from time to time. The latest packaging carries the new Protein dari Gandum seal as each pack MAGGI 2-Minute Noodles serves as source of protein from wheat. MAGGI 2-Minutes Noodles Curry Inferior Product Inferior products are the products for which there is a direct relationship between changes in income and its demand curve. Based on our understanding, we categorized MAGGI 2-Minutes Noodles Curry is as a inferior product because the purchasing rate of the consumer is basically based on the income of the consumers. When the income of consumers rises, the demand will be reduced and the amount of buying this product will become less as they will choose to buy a more value based product that deliver higher quality. Conversely, the demand of consumers will increase when there is a fall in their income. Complement and substitute goods for MAGGI 2-Minutes Noodles Curry Complementary goods are the goods that jointly consumed with MAGGI 2-Minutes Noodles Curry. The complement goods are as follow: eggs sausages fish balls crab meats prawns carrots tomatoes vegetables bell peppers caraways Whereas, substitute goods are the goods that competes with MAGGI 2-Minutes Noodles Curry for consumer purchases. The substitute goods are as follow: Sajimee mee curry flavoured instant noodles Ibumie Mi curry flavoured instant noodles Adabi curry flavored instant noodles Mamee curry flavoured instant noodles Cintan curry flavoured instant noodles Tesco choice curry flavoured instant noodles Market structure of MAGGI 2-Minutes Noodles Curry Monopolistic Competition Part 2 Comparison of the price of MAGGI 2-Minutes Noodles Curry with _________________ Based on the research found in Tesco, Kampar, Perak, MAGGI 2-Minutes Noodles Curry are sold at the price of RM4.39. Part 3 Advantages and disadvantages for MAGGI ® company of being monopolistic competition firm Advantages Easy Entry and Exit Monopolistic competition is an easy entry and exit market because this market face low barriers to entry Unlike a monopoly market, MAGGI ® easily entered into a monopolistic competition market and start the business because the products produced are not sole control of any other company. Therefore, MAGGI ® can attract the consumes to buy its products as long as they can satisfy the consumers needs. Besides that, while entering into this market, MAGGI ® does not face much problem on government franchises and licenses as well as the patents and copyright as the company will not be restricted to enter into this market. Price takes MAGGI ® has the authority to set the price for its products in order to maximize its revenue. For example, MAGGI ® can increase the selling price when they increase the quality of products to the consumers. The company also can increase the selling price when the input price becomes higher so that they will still earn a constant revenue but not facing a loss. Unlike in the perfect competition market, the consumers might still choose to buy its products even though the price has been increased as long as the products can satisfy the consumers. Differentiated products will attract buyers to stay loyal The differentiated products of MAGGI ® will attract more buyers and maintain the current consumers to stay loyal since the products have the unique features compare to others. Normally, the consumers will not easily switch to another brand when they are attracted by its special characteristic of the products. This will result in a constant revenue since the consumers might consume the products continuously for a long period of time if they do not find any substitute that is better than the current consuming products. Disadvantages Many competitors Since monopolistic competition market is easy to entry and exit, many companies might enter into this market and thus MAGGI ® has to face many competitors. For example, the competitors for MAGGI ® are Sajimee, Ibumie, Adabi, Mamee, Cintan and Tesco. The consumers might easily switch to buy the same type of products from another brands if they think it is worth to buy it from other brands rather than from MAGGI ®. Therefore, MAGGI ® has to consistently observe the strategies of its competitors so that MAGGI ® can make suitable action to face the competitor and make its customers to stay loyal. Higher cost and expenses Since MAGGI ® face a huge numbers of competitors, it is compulsory for a monopolistic competitor to take suitable strategies to attract more buyers. One of the ways is via advertising its products. We can see that MAGGI ® advertise its products through television and do many different types of promotion such as buy one get one free, give food testing to the customers, give discounts and organise a contest for the consumers and give out something else as prizes. All these advertisement and promotion required a lot of cost and expenses. Need to produce differentiated products In order to compete with other close substitutes, MAGGI ® has to come up with differentiated products, which is the products that have real or apparent differences with other substitutes. MAGGI ® must be creative and innovative enough to make their product more distinctive and differentiate their products from other competitors in order to attract more buyers and also maintain its current consumers. MAGGI ® also has to do certain research and improve its products from time to time to make its products more unique no matter is on the quality, price or packaging. Earn zero-economic profit in long-run Unlike a monopolist, MAGGI ® will not earn an economic profit but earn a zero-economic in long-run. In long-run, more and more firms will enter into this market structure and the some of the current market share of MAGGI ® might be taken away by those new firms. This shows the decrease in the consumers demand. Therefore MAGGI ® will do more advertising to recapture the market share. This will results in the increase of the long-run average cost. The decrease of demand and increase of long-run average cost will continues in long-run until MAGGI ® earns a zero economic-profit. Advantages and disadvantages for a customer of buying a product under monopolistic competition market Advantages More innovative product In the monopolistic competition market, there are many competitors and buyers. In order to attract a large scale of customers, the company needs to produce more innovative product continuously so that they can compete with other competitors and survive in the market place. MAGGI ® as monopolistic competition firm will choose to produce more different flavour of instant noodle instead of just produce one type of noodle because it needs to fight against massive of competitor forces. Therefore a customer can enjoy having different types of MAGGI ® products and have more choices. Comparable prices There are many sellers in the monopolistic competition market. The buyers can compare the prices of the same type of product among different producers so that they could choose to buy the products that offered in an affordable price. For example, consumers can choose either to buy MAGGI ® instant noodles or other brands of instant noodles like Mamee and Mi Sedaap. Convenience for buyers to know the details of the product Sellers in the monopolistic competition tend to create more advertisements to deliver the information about their products to the public and also develop a stronger position in consumers mind. Usually the detailed information about the MAGGI ® products such as the new flavour, price, and places that are available to buy the products. The information given will provide convenience for consumers in the process of choosing and buying the product. Disadvantages The price of products might not matched with the quality of products The sellers in monopolistic competition market are free to set the price of products. The seller might set a higher price to earn more revenue but they do not produce the products with higher quality. Therefore the consumers are forced to buy the products expensively. For example, if MAGGI ® might produce the same instant noodles but they raise the price to a higher level. Consequently, the consumers have to buy it at an expensive price but they still enjoy the same quality of instant noodles. Negative impact of advertising In monopolistic competition, the sellers spend a lot of money in advertising their products. It is a benefit for the consumers to know more about the product but it also has negative impact on customer supremacy. Customers are going to be manipulated by the advertisement and about what they want. For example, customers become attracted over the perception of differentiation, they believe information in the advertisement and buy the product without compare the price or quality.